Abstract P314: Response of the Cardiometabolic Risk Profile to Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Followed by a 1-year Lifestyle Modification Program: A Pilot Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: A coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery induces an important physiological stress which could impact on cardiometabolic risk (CMR) variables. Furthermore, lifestyle modification programs are effective in secondary prevention. Objective: The present pilot study explored the response of CMR variables to a CABG surgery followed by a 1-year intervention targeting the improvement of lifestyle habits (nutrition/physical activity) in patients with established coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: Anthropometric measurements, assessment of lipid profile and magnetic resonance imaging were performed before and after CABG surgery (n=32) and 1 year after the lifestyle modification program (n=26). An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and a maximal treadmill test (modified Bruce) were also performed after surgery and at the end of the intervention program. Results: Six weeks after surgery, but before initiation of the lifestyle modification program, patients significantly reduced their body mass index (BMI) (Δ=−1.0 kg/m 2 , p<0.0001), waist circumference (Δ=−3.4 cm, p<0.0001), fat mass (Δ=−2.7 kg, p<0.0001), visceral (Δ=−25.5 cm 3 , p=0.007) and total abdominal adipose tissue volumes (Δ=−27.4 cm 3 , p=0.008). They also significantly decreased their LDL-C (Δ=−0.7 mmol/L, p=0.0003) and total cholesterol (Δ=−0.7 mmol/L, p<0.0001), as well as their total cholesterol/HDL-C ratio (Δ=−0.8, p=0.009). In response to the lifestyle modification program, subjects further improved their CMR profile with additional decreases in their BMI (Δ=−0.9 kg/m 2 , p=0.02) and waist circumference (Δ=−4.3 cm, p=0.002) as well as visceral (Δ=−36.2 cm 3 , p=0.03), subcutaneous (Δ=−29.1 cm 3 , p=0.005) and total abdominal adipose tissue volumes (Δ=−61.1 cm 3 , p=0.01). They also significantly reduced glucose area under the curve (Δ=−128.6 ρmol/L, p=0.0005) measured during the OGTT, TG/HDL-C ratio (Δ=−0.47, p=0.0006), triglycerides (Δ=−0.12 mmol/L, p=0.03), total cholesterol/HDL-C ratio (Δ=−0.34, p=0.003) and increased HDL-C levels (Δ=+0.2 mmol/L, p=0.0002). Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) was also improved significantly as reflected by an increase in VO 2 max (Δ=+4.0 mlO 2 /kg/min, p<0.0001) and by a reduced heart rate assessed at a standardized workload (3.5 mph, 2% slope) (Δ=−9 bpm, p<0.0001). All changes in cardiometabolic risk variables were observed despite a reduction in the use of cardiometabolic drugs in some patients. A multiple regression analysis showed that improvement in CRF largely explained (r 2 =0.61, p=0.0003) the improvement in 2-hours plasma glucose (OGTT) in response to the lifestyle modification program. Conclusion: Results of this pilot study suggest that the CMR profile of high risk patients with CAD is improved by the CABG surgery itself. In addition, a 1-year lifestyle modification program generates further cardiometabolic benefits.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".