Los Programas Y Sellos De Certificación En Comercio Justo: Una Lectura Neo-Institucional Con Ilustraciones Canadienses (Les programmes et labels d’attestation du commerce équitable : une lecture néoinstitutionnelle illustrée par des exemples canadiens) (Fair Trade Certification Programmes and Labels: A Neo-Institutional Reading with Canadian Illustrations)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Spanish Abstract: El nicho de mercado creado por el Comercio Justo (CJ), basado en principios de solidaridad y de cooperacion, ha atraido la participacion de las grandes multinacionales. Dichas empresas utilizan como instrumento de insercion al CJ diversos sellos y programas de certificacion. Este articulo presenta un analisis de seis sellos independientes de certificacion y etiquetado en CJ disponibles en el mercado canadiense. Tambien ofrece evidencias de dos programas de certificacion empresariales insertos en el negocio del cafe. A traves de la perspectiva neoinstitucional, buscamos generar respuestas a la problematica derivada de la multiplicidad de sistemas de certificacion en CJ a la que se suman los programas de empresa privada. Finalmente, proponemos una taxonomia de los sellos y de las iniciativas de CJ como indicador a la toma de decisiones de adquisicion de productos equitativos.French Abstract: La niche de marche creee par le Commerce equitable (CE), basee sur les principes de solidarite et de cooperation, a attire les grandes multinationales. Ces entreprises utilisent divers labels et programmes d’attestation comme instrument d’insertion dans le Commerce equitable. Cet article presente une analyse de six labels d’attestation independants et d’etiquetage de CE disponibles sur le marche canadien. Il apporte egalement les preuves de l’existence de deux programmes d’attestation commerciaux integres dans le commerce du cafe. Par le biais de la perspective neo-institutionnelle, nous essayons d’apporter des reponses a la problematique derivee de la multiplicite des systemes d’attestation du CE auxquels s’ajoutent les programmes d’entreprise privee. Enfin, nous proposons une taxonomie des labels et des initiatives de CE comme indicateur dans la prise de decisions d’acquisition de produits equitables.English Abstract: The market niche created by Fair Trade (FT), based on principles of solidarity and cooperation, has been partially occupied by large multinational corporations. These companies deploy certification programmes and labels as means of insertion into the FT market. This paper provides an analysis and critique of six independent FT certification programmes identified in the Canadian marketplace. We also offer evidence from two corporate certification programmes in the same market that share the same sustainability concepts and deal in the same product: coffee. Through a neo-institutional perspective, we seek to shed light upon the confusion and ambiguity generated by the presence of multiple FT labels and certification programmes. Finally, we propose a taxonomy of the FT labels and certification programmes found in Canada as an indicator that may be useful for making purchasing decisions concerning FT products.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.015 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".