Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cryptococcus gattii is an encapsulated basidomycetous yeast that is capable of causing cryptococcosis in humans and animals. The disease caused by C. gattii frequently begins with pneumonia which in some cases can disseminate into fatal form of meningitis. Traditionally, this organism was thought to occur globally in tropical and subtropical regions, however recently it has been isolated from the Coastal Douglas Fir Zone on Vancouver Island, British Columbia (BC), a coastal temperate zone. From 1999 to present, there have been more than 130 human cases of Cryptococcosis caused by C. gattii on Vancouver Island and numerous cases in companion animals and wildlife. The aim of this study was to develop an assay to identify biomarkers of exposure to C. gattii which could be used to determine the extent of exposure of residents of BC. A Western blot analysis was developed to identify cytoplasmic antigens isolated from C. gattii which are recognized by antibodies in test sera. The sera of 77 Vancouver Island residents were tested following the 1999 outbreak of C. gattii and greater than 80% of those tested (at a 1 in 250 dilution of serum) were found to have antibodies against cytoplasmic antigens unique to the organism. Conversely, at the same dilution only 25% of those tested (n=51) from other areas of BC, the Yukon and Northwest Territories prior to the 1999 outbreak had antibodies against C. gattii antigens. The most commonly recognized antigens were 20 kDa and 50 kDa in size and their identity is presently unknown. This Western blot analysis has proven to be a useful means of suggesting potential biomarkers of exposure to C. gattii in a population.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".