Well pattern design and optimal deployment for coalbed methane development
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Based on the coalbed methane development of III block in the eastern edge of the Ordos Basin, the well pattern was optimized and dynamically adjusted, according to a system engineering including three stages: well pattern pre-development design stage, well site optimization stage and dynamic tracking stage. The geological basis for well deployment of coalbed methane was proposed and the parameters of well pattern design were optimized during the well pattern pre-development design stage. The geological conditions have been explored from several aspects which include coal bed structure, buried depth, coal seam thickness, roof and floor lithology, gas content, permeability and hydrological condition. The favorable production well pattern was the rhombus pattern. The cluster well was chosen as the main well type and then horizontal well. For the local anisotropy coal seam, rhombus long diagonal was in the direction of face cleats and short diagonal was in the direction of butt cleats. The well spacing was 300−350 m in high permeability zones and 350−400 m in low permeability zones. It is necessary to consider those factors, such as surface, subsurface and drilling conditions, to optimize the well locations during the well site optimization stage and to follow the basic requirements of “surface following subsurface, engineering following geology”. After having observed the well interference and interlayer interference phenomenon during the dynamic tracking stage, twenty-four production wells have been relocated and the producing layers for thirty-six production wells have been changed. Then the well pattern design was more reasonable in this block. It is confirmed that the posterior well pattern design and development mode are more reasonable after the optimal deployment in the III block during this five years.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".