Bibliographic record
Abstract
Occupational therapy in Canada is guided by several models that describe an interconnectedness between the individual, his/her occupations and the environment (Canadian Association of Occupational Therapy, 1997, Law et al. 1996). Occupational therapists have also expanded their conceptualization of the client of occupational therapy services, from the individual to include groups, organizations and families (Fearing, Law & Clark, 1997). Yet little research has been conducted, in occupational therapy, to explore the issues faced by the family or family members of a child with a disability and how they experience daily life. The purpose of this qualitative research is to explore and describe parents' experiences raising their child with a disability, with a focus on their participation in activities outside the home environment. In-depth interviews were conducted with seventeen parents from nine families who were recruited from suburbs surrounding Vancouver, British Columbia. The parents all had one child with a disability between 3 and 5 years of age. The diagnoses and abilities of the children varied, however they were all unable to walk unaided. The interviews were transcribed and a computer aided interpretive analysis was used to identify common themes. The parents spoke of their emotions for their children. The parents relied on others, especially family members, for emotional, practical and financial support. Many parents drew a connection between participating in activities and their perceptions of what it is to be a normal family. The parents explained their strategies, such as planning ahead, and the conditions, such as the right equipment, necessary for them to decide to take their children out and to participate in activities. When the strategies and conditions were not in place, they stayed home. Parents also spoke of the social attitudes they encountered. This research validates the concept of the dynamic and interconnected relationship among the person, occupation and environment. An individual's roles, activities and occupations both influence and are influenced by the environment. It also illustrates that fathers and mothers participate differently in the lives of their children, and that sometimes grandmothers are significant care givers. The term, family-member centred service is proposed, to incorporate two components of client-centred occupational therapy, that of individualized service and the family as a client.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".