Nature and Frequency of Aggressive Behaviours among Long-Term Inpatients with Schizophrenia: A 6-Month Report Using the Modified Overt Aggression Scale
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective: Previous reports of violence rates in psychiatric settings varied substantially. The main goal of this preliminary study was to prospectively record all violent incidents committed by chronic inpatients with schizophrenia (Sz) using a validated instrument. A secondary objective was to confirm that a majority of violent inward incidents were not commonly serious and committed by a minority of recidivistic individuals suffering from neurological damage (ND). Method: The French version of the Modified Overt Aggression Scale was introduced in all wards of a maximum security hospital to describe every violent incident committed by patients ( n = 116) with diagnoses of Sz, Sz and ND, or Sz and mental retardation (MR) during a 6-month period (24 hours a day, 7 days a week). Results: Fifty-seven percent of aggressive acts were committed by 15% of patients who were more likely to receive additional diagnoses of ND or MR. Violent patients with Sz and ND were involved in 6 incidents for each individual on average, although most of the incidents were verbal in nature (68%). A high rate (28%) of patients with Sz, without evidence of ND or MR, had assaulted someone at least once during the study period. Conclusions: These results explain in part the high diversity of previous violent rate reviews and support the notion that inward repetitive violence might be more closely related with ND and impulsivity than psychopathology. Objectif: Les rapports précédents des taux de violence dans les établissements psychiatriques variaient substantiellement. Le but principal de cette étude préliminaire était d'enregistrer prospectivement tous les incidents violents commis par des patients hospitalisés chroniques souffrant de schizophrénie (Sz) à l'aide d'un instrument validé. Un objectif secondaire était de confirmer que la majorité des incidents violents intérieurs n'étaient pas habituellement sérieux et étaient commis par une minorité de personnes récidivistes souffrant d'altération neurologique (AN). Méthode: La version française de la Modified Overt Aggression Scale (l'échelle d'agressivité manifeste modifiée) a été introduite dans toutes les unités d'un hôpital à sécurité maximum pour décrire chaque incident violent commis par les patients ( n = 116) ayant des diagnostics de Sz, de Sz avec AN, ou de Sz et de déficience mentale (DM) durant une période de 6 mois (24 heures par jour, 7 jours par semaine). Résultats: Cinquante-sept pour cent des actes agressifs ont été commis par 15 % des patients, qui étaient plus susceptibles de recevoir un diagnostic additionnel d'AN ou de DM. Les patients violents souffrant de Sz et d'AN étaient impliqués dans 6 incidents pour chaque personne en moyenne, bien que la plupart des incidents aient été de nature verbale (68 %). Un taux élevé (28 %) de patients souffrant de Sz sans preuve d'AN ou de DM avaient agressé quelqu'un au moins une fois durant l'étude. Conclusions: Ces résultats expliquent en partie la diversité élevée des rapports précédents des taux de violence et appuient la notion selon laquelle la violence intérieure répétée pourrait être plus étroitement liée à l'AN et à l'impulsivité qu'à la psychopathologie.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".