Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abraham Flexner was born in 1866 into a close German Jewish family in Luisville, Kentucky, USA. At age of 19, he graduated from Johns Hopkins University and having earned his Bachelor's degree. In 1908 he wrote his first book, ”The American College”. He then joined the research staff of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. After visiting every medical schools in North America during 1910, he wrote a report, ”Medical Education in the United States and Canada”, which is generally called the Flexner Report. This report had a most profound influence on medical education in US and throughout the world. He looked at five specific areas of medical education during his visits to 155 medical schools in US and Canada. These areas included: entrance requirements; size and training of faculty; sum of endowment and fees; quality and adequacy of laboratories and teachers, and relations between the medical school and the hospital. The criteria identified are still the essential requirements in the modern medical college. In 1916 he published the book ”A Modern School” and this led to the endowment of the experimental Lincoln School of the Columbia Teachers' College, which was a pioneer among university education for several decades. From 1913 to 1928 Flexner worked for the General Education Board, which had been established by Rockefeller in 1902. During this period he was at firstinvolved to projects assisting Negro educational institutions and in helping Southern states to develop statewide systems of secondary education. In 1930 Flexner's ”Universities” was published. The book continues to be one of the great books in the field even after more than seventy years. Flexner ended his professional life at the Institute for Advanced Study, which was created at his instigation in 1930.Flexner also was a great fund-raiser. His success in raising large sums of money from Andrew Carnegie, John D. Rockfeller, J.P. Morgan, Julius Rosenwald, and other philanthropists of the day was also highly significant. Flexner firmly believed that men could shape their own affairs, direct their lives toward a desirable future, and that research and education were the major instruments of such an endeavor. He thought of himself not as a philosopher, but as something of a practical idealist with enthusiasm for the feasible. He believed that we are masters of our fate. Perhaps no name in medical education is as familiar to physicians today as that of Flexner. He is mentioned in countless talks around the world every year. It seems that speakers are unable to begin discussing medical education without referring to the Flexner Report. Abraham Flexner was one of the greatest medical educators in the history.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.007 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".