Exercise training and low dose radiation protect skeletal muscle from high dose radiation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Radiation is a lethal, carcinogenic, mutagenic and oxidative stress‐inducing stimulus at high doses (HDR). In low doses (LDR), however, radiation is a hormetic stimulus that protects against oxidative stress by activating cellular defence mechanisms. Exercise training (EX) activates many of the same defence systems, suggesting that EX may be a potent radioprotectant. To examine whether EX could protect skeletal muscle against HDR, we divided mice into four groups (n=16/group): no intervention (SED), EX, LDR, and a group receiving both interventions (ExLDR). A sample of mice from each group received a high dose of radiation (HDR). Markers of oxidative damage, antioxidant enzyme activity and mitochondrial enzyme activity were measured. EX enhanced antioxidant capacity as exhibited by an increase in total, and MnSOD activity which was further increased in response to HDR. LDR did not alter basal antioxidant capacity, however, total, Mn‐, CuZnSOD, and catalase activity all increased in response to HDR. The increase in catalase activity was likely a response to the decreased GPx activity observed in LDR. The mitochondrial enzymes, cytochrome c oxidase and citrate synthase increased activity in EX and LDR following the HDR. Here, we demonstrate the ability of two hormetic stimuli, EX and LDR, to protect skeletal muscle from exposure to a HDR. Funding provided by US DOE (DE‐FG02‐07ER64343) and NSERC.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".