A soluble Fc receptor in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, binds IgM
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An Fc‐receptor (FcR) homolog, IpFcRI, representing the first such receptor from an ectothermic vertebrate, has been identified in the channel catfish. It consists of three immunoglobulin (Ig) domains (D1–3) but lacks transmembrane (TM) and cytoplasmic regions. Due to this lack of a TM, IpFcRI is suggested to be a soluble FcR. The soluble IpFcRI is readily detected in catfish serum and quantitative PCR analyses demonstrate that kidney leukocytes express high levels of IpFcRI message. Recombinant (r) IpFcRI immobilized onto latex beads for Ig binding studies was found to bind both native catfish IgM and IgM‐immune complexes. In addition, rIpFcRI was also found to recognize reduced catfish IgM heavy (H) chain and Ig from other species, including rainbow trout, mouse, rabbit, goat, and chicken. To identify the IpFcRI domain(s) involved in IgM binding, various combinations of rIpFcRI domains were expressed. Recombinant IpFcRI proteins containing two domains, D1–2 or D2–3, reacted with reduced catfish IgM H chain, while the individual D1, D2 and D3 domains did not. Furthermore, the IpFcRI‐binding site appears to be localized on Cμ3 and Cμ4 domains. Taken together, the IpFcRI‐IgM binding studies suggest an immunoregulatory role for IpFcRI. Supported by NIH grant R01 AI19530 .
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".