Diversity patterns in subarctic stream benthic invertebrate assemblages from the Sahtu Settlement Area, Northwest Territories, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Benthic invertebrate assemblages were studied across four streams in the Sahtu Settlement Region of the Northwest Territories between July 2010 and October 2011 to provide information on biotic composition and associations with habitat and temporal factors. Overall diversity was similar for all streams, although taxonomic composition varied among the streams. Within streams, richness was highest in riffle and snag (woody debris) habitats and lowest in pools and leafpacks. A substantial portion of taxa (∼25%) would have been missed if only riffles had been sampled. Nearly 88% of individuals belonged to eight taxa, with >60% of individuals found in only two families (Chironomidae and Baetidae). While high within-family diversity was observed, samples were also characterized by large numbers of rare taxa, with large temporal differences in abundances. Future benthic assessments in northern streams would benefit from increased sampling effort to ensure representative samples for comparing streams or sites and approaches that target dominant families in the north (e.g., Chironomidae), which can provide a great deal of information on biodiversity when examined at the generic level. Likewise, further analysis of the seasonal compositional turnover for some assemblages may be necessary to distinguish anthropogenic responses from natural variability.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".