Nonsynonymous T280M gene variant of CX3CR1 in South Indian population is associated with reduced risk for vascular disease in patients with diabetes mellitus
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BaCKgRouNd: Vascular inflammation leading to coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).The chemokine receptor CX3CR1 is a key regulator in vascular injuryrelated inflammation.oBjeCTIVe: The authors examined the T280M and V249I gene variants of the CX3CR1 gene in patients with T2DM, CAD and CAD associated with T2DM, to understand the effect of these polymorphisms on the disease phenotype.MeThodS: Whole blood samples were collected from 913 South Indian subjects comprising 160 patients with T2DM, 284 with T2DM and CAD, 198 with CAD and 271 healthy subjects.T280M and V249I variants of the CX3CR1 gene were genotyped in these study subjects using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and PCR-DNA sequencing.ReSulTS: Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the frequencies of 280M and 249I alleles were higher in controls than in cases in both the CAD and T2DM groups.Adjusted odds of T280M according to logistic regression were significant in all disease groups compared withhealthy subjects.Both MM and II genotypes of T280M and V249I polymorphisms were found to have an atheroprotective role in CAD and T2DM.The association of these polymorphisms were then examined in patients with CAD who were also diagnosed with diabetes.The M allele of T280M polymorphism was associated with attenuated risk for CAD and T2DM.CoNCluSIoNS: The present study demonstrated a protective role of the T280M variant of CX3CR1 gene for vascular complication in patients with T2DM.This polymorphism may reduce the binding strength of the chemokine receptor, thus attenuating inflammation both in vascular wall and adipose tissue.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".