Improved 5-year overall survival (OS) in breast cancer (CA) patients from 1994 to 2008.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
e13126 Background: A Canadian Study (Chia, ASCO 2003, Abstract 22) comparing OS across 4 time cohorts in patients with metastatic Breast CA demonstrated OS benefit at 1 and 2 years that appears related to the release of aromatase inhibitors (AI)/docetaxel and trastuzumab/capecitabine but not paclitaxel or vinorelbine. Methods: 5 yr overall survival (OS5) in breast CA patients (all stages) was separated into 3 time cohorts corresponding to dates of release of chemotherapy or hormonal treatments (cohort 1:1994-1997 (paclitaxel/vinorelbine), cohort 2:1998-2002 (AI /trastuzumab) and cohort 3:2003 (bevacizumab)) to determine if there was an impact on OS5 in all stages and if there was a relation to survival based on stage of disease. Data was extracted from the National Cancer Database (NCDB) for the US and Northeastern US (MA, ME, CT, RI, VT, NH). Results: The OS5 in the US was 80.0% [CI 80.6-80.9], 84.7% [CI 84.4-84.6] and 85% [CI 84.8-85.2] for cohorts 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The OS5 in the Northeast US was 82.3% [CI 81.8-82.8], 85.7% [CI 85.4-86.1] and 87.3% [CI 86.6-88.0] for cohorts 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Stage II 5 yr survival in the US was 78.9% [CI 78.7-79.1], 82.8% [CI 82.6-83.0] and 84.8% [CI 84.4-85.2] and in the Northeast US was 79.1% [CI 78.2-80], 82.4% [CI 81.7-83.1] and 83.7% [CI 82.2-85.3] for cohorts 1,2, and 3, respectively. 5 yr survival for stage III in the US was 53.8% [CI 53.2-54.3], 57.8% [CI 57.3-58.3] and 64.5% [CI 63.7-65.4] and in the Northeast US was 53.2% [CI 50.9-55.6], 58.8% [CI 56.7-60.8], and 70.7% [CI 67.3-74.1] for cohorts 1,2 and 3, respectively. Stage IV patients showed no change in 5 yr survival over the 3 cohorts, but showed improvement in 2 yr survival at the National Level (44.6%, 46.1%, and 46.7%) and in the Northeast US (46.7%,47.5% and 49.4%) for cohorts 1,2 and 3,respectively. Conclusions: 5 yr survival in stage II and stage III breast CA between cohorts 1 and 3 has improved, whereas stage IV survival at 5 yrs showed no improvement in any cohort, even though there was an improvement in stage IV 2 yr survival in the US and within the Northeast US. The improvement in OS5 is more pronounced between cohorts 1 and 2 than between cohorts 2 and 3, which appears to correspond to the addition of AI and trastuzumab.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".