Parabolization and structural integrity of side bulb applied platform supply vessel hull form
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The parabolization work is a hull-optimization method for minimizing total resistance of ship by using numerical and experimental methods. Ship total hydrodynamic resistance is a sum of frictional resistance, form resistance and wave resistance. The form resistance is a fraction of frictional resistance while the wave resistance dominates as speed increases. It becomes clear to turn toward minimizing wave resistance for hull-form optimization studies regarding increased speeds. In 2002, Calisal et al. reported a 10% decrease in effective horse power at Fn = 0.275 for a coaster tanker. The objective was to attain a beneficial wave-resistance reduction over a moderate to relatively high operating speed range. The parabolization work was done by a computer software that expends the form at waterline and replaces the conventional parallel middle-body section with parabolic side bulbs. This study was made for a oil platform supply vessel (PSV)and studies an improved , new hull form. The form is a new “retrofit” , for the present parent hull form, increasing the vessel’s beam up to 5% and its displacement accordingly. In this thesis new scantling was calculated for the parabolized hull. The structural analysis and design for the parent and “retrofit” hull forms were done, using the rules and guidelines of the American Bureau of Shipping (ABS). The final part of the thesis provides a cost payback analysis of the parabolized PSV. A fuel savings of 280,000 liters/year provides $235,000.00 per year saving based on a 5.88% drop in resistance . The investment for the construction of an amidships bulb is estimated at $161,000. The payback period for the construction of an amidships bulb is estimated to be nine to seventeen months, with different ship type factors. In addition resistance reduction saves 753,900 kg of CO2 and 134,100 kg of NOx . The parabolization cost analysis is seen in three parts. First, the investment cost of the side bulb. Second, the savings in fuel cost representing the savings in the running cost and the change in the investment cost of propulsion machinery of the vessel and thirdly, the environmental savings by low CO2 and NOx emission.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".