24‐<scp>H</scp>our infusion of levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel for nocturnal akinesia in advanced <scp>P</scp>arkinson's disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) is safe and efficacious in advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD).1,2 The infusion is approved for a maximum of 16 hours/day. The role of 24-hour administration is unclear, although its use has been reported.3 We evaluated 8 LCIG-treated patients who consented to receive round-the-clock LCIG infusion to address severe nocturnal akinesia, unresponsive to oral therapies. Patients provided informed consent. Patients were assessed before the initiation of LCIG infusion and at the last visit, 3 6 1.9 years later. At follow-up all patients had been on a 24-hour infusion regimen for 26 6 31.6 months (range, 4-72 months). Patients underwent evaluation for motor impairment (Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale [UPDRS-III]), disability (UPDRS-II), and complications (UPDRS-IV); axial impairment (Gait and Falls Questionnaire [GFQ]); nonmotor symptoms (Non-Motor Symptom Scale (NMSS); sleep quality (PD Sleep Scale [PDSS]); overall cognitive and neuropsychiatric function (UPDRS-I, Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE], Neuropsychiatric Inventory [NPI], and the Questionnaire for Impulsive-Compulsive Disorders in PD [QUIP]); activities of daily living (ADLs), instrumental ADLs (IADLs), and healthrelated quality of life (8-item PD Questionnaire [PDQ-8]). The primary caregiver completed the Relative Stress Scale (RSS).4 The Wilcoxon paired test was used to compare baseline and follow-up assessments.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".