Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dementia is an umbrella term for a large class of brain disorders. The prevalence of dementia was estimated at 44.4 million people worldwide in 2013, and in the absence of any significant new scientific discovery, prevalence rates are estimated to increase to 75.6 million in 2030 and 135.5 million in 2050.1 Alzheimer’s disease is the most common irreversible form of dementia. It is a fatal, progressive and degenerative disease that destroys brain cells.2 The syndrome consists of a number of symptoms that include changes in memory, judgment, reasoning, mood, behaviour, communication abilities and the ability to function on a day-to-day basis. Rising Tide: The Impact of Dementia on Canadian Society3 is a report released by the Alzheimer Society in 2010 following 2 years of intensive study. It is the first study to estimate the health and economic burden of dementia in Canada over the next 30 years. It also reviews and makes recommendations on policy options to address this issue. The 5 main pillars are as follows: Provide support for family caregivers (family includes anyone in the supportive network of the individual). Emphasize risk reduction and early intervention. Build an integrated system of care. Strengthen and supplement Canada’s dementia workforce. Increase investment in dementia research. Approximately 747,000 Canadians are living with cognitive impairment including dementia.4 Additional statistics from Rising Tide are similarly compelling. Despite advancing age being the biggest risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease, more than 70,000 of those living with dementia are under the age of 65. Women make up 72% of those living with Alzheimer’s disease. Within a generation, incidences of new cases will increase from 1 every 5 minutes to 1 every 2 minutes. The total cost of care for persons with dementia was about $15 billion in 2008 in Canada; this is expected to rise to $153 billion in 2038.3 Moreover, long-term care beds are projected to have a shortfall of 157,000 in Canada by the year 2038. The number of older persons with dementia living at home is expected to steadily rise from 55% to 62%.3 All of these trends will require community or home-based care to become more responsive to the needs of those living with dementia. Pharmacists play a vital role in the health and overall well-being of all Canadians. Pharmacists are highly visible and regularly accessed by members of the community, forming long-standing relationships with their patients. They are trained to understand pharmacotherapy that can benefit or impair cognitive function, and they can monitor for progression and related issues such as medication adherence. However, like many health care professionals, pharmacists may feel ill-equipped to support the unique needs of people living with dementia and their families or caregivers. Simply put, many pharmacists are uncomfortable dealing with patients with dementia. This article is the first in a series that aims to identify roles, strategies and resources pharmacists can apply in daily practice in service of people with dementia.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".