Ridge Preservation Using Composite Alloplastic Materials: A Randomized Control Clinical and Histological Study in Humans
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AIM: To evaluate (clinically, histologically, and histo-morphometrically) the use of composite materials (Biphasic calcium sulphate [BCS] with β Tri-Calcium Phosphate (β-TCP) and Hydroxyapatite [HA]) in extraction socket sites and compare it to un-disturbed natural healing. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective clinical trial of 36 patients (40 extraction sockets) were randomly assigned to either test or control group. Alveolar ridge horizontal dimension was measured in the middle of the socket at crest and 3 and 6 mm subcrestally. Crestal vertical height was measured at baseline surgery and at 4 month re-entry, at which time bone core biopsies were harvested from the center of the edentulous ridge. Histo-morphometric evaluation of the samples was performed using hematoxylin & eosin stains and morphometric software. RESULTS: The change in horizontal ridge width was higher in the control compared to the experimental group: 2.28 ± 2.36 mm versus 0.03 ± 2.32 mm (p = .007) at -3 mm and 2.28 ± 2.43 versus 0.035 ± 3.05 (p = .02) at -6 mm, for the experimental and control sites, respectively. The vertical distance form bone crest to neighboring horizontal line interconnecting the neighboring teeth was minimal in both groups (0.307 ± 2.01 mm versus 0.14 ± 2.03 mm [p = 0.41]). Residual scaffolds occupied 15.99 ± 11.4% of the volume in the grafted (test) sites while bone area fraction was not statistically different among the groups (47.7 ± 10.6% versus 52.6 ± 11.6%, test versus control, respectively p = .39). The percentage of connective tissue in the control group was significantly higher that test group (36.3 ± 19.4% versus 46.7 ± 10.6% test versus control, respectively, p = .013). CONCLUSION: Ridge preservation technique using a combination of two synthetic bone grafts β-TCP and HA with BCS resulted in greater stability in the horizontal dimension after 4 months.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".