Sympathetic modulation of baseline hindlimb blood flow and vascular conductance in a model of prediabetes using young Zucker Diabetic Fatty rats
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Although associated with vascular disease, few studies have addressed the impact of prediabetes on vascular function. Thus, we sought to identify differences in baseline sympathetic vascular control between male Zucker (pre)Diabetic Fatty rats (PD) and lean controls (CTL) (n = 11/group). Hindlimb blood flow (Q h ) and vascular conductance (VC) were assessed under local infusion of BIBP3226 (NPY Y 1 ‐receptor (Y1R) antagonist), prazosin (α 1 ‐receptor antagonist) and dual blockade. With no differences in baseline, BIBP3226 increased Q h 0.3 ± 0.1 ml/min in both groups and VC increased 4.2 ± 0.9 and 4.5 ± 1.1 μl/min/mmHg in PD and CTL respectively (P < 0.05). Prazosin increased Q h 0.2 ± 0.04 and 0.2 ± 0.1 ml/min and VC increased 3.3 ± 0.5 and 4.2 ± 1.0 μl/min/mmHg in PD and CTL respectively (P < 0.05). Dual blockade increased Q h 0.2 ± 0.05 ml/min in both groups and VC increased 4.6 ± 1.2 and 4.4 ± 0.72 μl/min/mmHg in PD and CTL respectively (P < 0.05). Recovery time from maximum after drug infusion to 37% of baseline (1/e) for Q h and VC was shorter in PD vs. CTL (% of CTL, Q h and VC respectively: BIBP3226 68% and 53%, Prazosin 75% and 81%, dual blockade 78% and 70%) (P < 0.05). In support, red and white vastus muscle Y1R, α1R, and tyrosine hydroxylase expression was higher in PD vs. CTL (P < 0.05). These data suggest that the SNS is upregulated in prediabetes leading to persisting effects on skeletal muscle blood flow. NSERC and NIH.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".