Bibliographic record
Abstract
Hybrid electro-electroless deposition (HEED) is a novel thin film metal deposition technique developed in Windsor. The process combines both electroplating and electroless deposition within a single electrolyte. The two deposition processes upon which HEED is based are combined such that each individual process targets a distinct metal ion for reduction. The nature of the deposit is determined by the composition of the electrolyte and electroplating potential applied, among other well established factors for both individual techniques. The process of HEED allows the formation of composite, alloyed, and multi-layered, or compositionally modulated alloy, deposits. Composite HEED deposits are somewhat uncommon as one of the two techniques must produce well defined grains. Alloyed HEED deposits are produced under two sets of conditions. Either each individual technique comprising HEED, electroplating and electroless deposition, is made to deposit an alloy [1], or each technique deposits a thin layer for the purpose of interlayer diffusion. Multi-layered HEED deposits are produced wherein each technique deposits pure, or nearly pure, metallic layers which nominally do not diffuse into one another [2]. The novelty of the HEED process may be illustrated with the deposition of metals of similar nobility, such as nickel and cobalt, in a multi-layered deposit [2]. The HEED multi-layers are in contrast to the standard method of electroplated multi-layers wherein the deposition potential and electrolyte support nearly pure layer deposition where the metals are of differing nobility [3]. [1] Robert Petro and Mordechay Schlesinger, “Development of Hybrid Electro-Electroless Deposit (HEED) Coatings and Applications”, Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 161(10), (2014), p.D1-D6 [2] Robert Petro and Mordechay Schlesinger, “Deposition of Cobalt-Nickel Hybrid Electro-Electroless Deposited (HEED) Modulated Multilayers”, Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 162(4), (2015), p.D154-D158 [3] K. D. Bird, M. Schlesinger, “Giant Magnetoresistance in Electrodeposited Ni/Cu and Co/Cu Multilayers”, Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 142(4), (1995), p.L65-L66
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".