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Record W2295063430 · doi:10.2146/news160019

Cost increase spurs review of “GI cocktail” components, effectiveness

2016· article· en· W2295063430 on OpenAlexaboutno aff
Kate Traynor

Bibliographic record

VenueAmerican Journal of Health-System Pharmacy · 2016
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicPharmaceutical studies and practices
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsAtropine sulfateMedicineManagementAnesthesiaAtropine

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

At Marion General Hospital in Indiana, an increase in the cost of one component of the facility’s gastrointestinal (GI) “cocktail” prompted a review of the usefulness of that medication and an evidence-based change to the compounded admixture. Clinical pharmacist Elaine Greene, clinical programs facilitator, said emergency department (ED) physicians at the 99-bed not-for-profit hospital had been ordering GI cocktails that consisted of a compounded mixture of viscous lidocaine, an antacid, and Donnatal elixir. Donnatal contains phenobarbital, hyoscyamine sulfate, atropine sulfate, and scopolamine hydrobromide. The product is marketed by Concordia Pharmaceuticals Inc., a West Indies–based subsidiary of Concordia Healthcare Corp. of Ontario, Canada. Concordia acquired the Donnatal product line in 2014 from Revive Pharmaceuticals (formerly PBM Pharmaceuticals) of Charlottesville, Virginia. Greene said that after a noticeable increase in the price of Donnatal, she looked for scientific literature about the effectiveness of GI cocktails. She wasn’t surprised by what she discovered. “A couple of articles … seemed to imply that there was not a lot of benefit beyond the antacid,” Greene said.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.043
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.151
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Review · Consensus signal: Review
Teacher disagreement score0.043
Threshold uncertainty score0.225

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0430.151
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0030.005
Bibliometrics0.0070.005
Science and technology studies0.0010.002
Scholarly communication0.0060.007
Open science0.0020.002
Research integrity0.0070.007
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0060.002

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.105
GPT teacher head0.450
Teacher spread0.345 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreReview

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2016
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

Explore more

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