Russian ÉMigrés in the Intellectual and Literary Life of Inter-War France: A Bibliographical Essay
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Leonid Livak. Russian Emigres in the Intellectual and Literary Life of Inter-War France: A Bibliographical Essay. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2010. 542 pp. Bibliography. Appendices. Primary sources. Secondary sources. Index. $125.00, cloth.After being forced to leave their home country, many Russian emigre intellectuals, while facing the hardships and torments of exile, succeeded in making a name for themselves in their host country. During the highly politicized period between the Russian Revolution and the outbreak of World War II, many of these intellectuals established a fruitful dialogue with their French counterparts, assuming visible roles in journalism, culture, literature, and philosophy. Leonid Livak' s book, conceived as a reference source on two decades of continuous relations between Russian emigres and French intelligentsia, wholly fulfills its promise, offering us not only an abundant and comprehensive bibliography, but an insightful essay on the fate and influence of Russia Abroad in inter-bellum France. The 450-page bibliography presents books, memoirs, pamphlets, and especially articles, published in French by - and on - numerous Russian-speaking emigres involved in literary and intellectual activities. It honours those passed on to posterity as well as those fallen into oblivion. If one may regret that there is no short biographic mention of the writers included in the book, nor reference to their numerous writings in Russian and to publications dealing with theatre, music, and visual arts, this bibliography compiles nonetheless an astounding wealth of information: it is a major contribution to the knowledge of Russia Abroad at its apogee and to the study of the process of cultural exchanges at large.The book begins with an introduction whose purpose is to revive exilic studies (p. 4). According to Livak, the study of Russia Abroad has long suffered from two political biases. First, Soviet propaganda disregarded and banished emigres' writings; second, emigre writers tended to tarnish their pre-war experience due to the postwar popularity of the Soviet Union in France, their sense of political isolation reinforcing their tendency to cling to the traditional Russian model of artists and intellectuals as prophets and martyrs (p. 5). The introduction is followed by a short essay, which describes the emigres' entry on the French literaiy scene and discusses their commerce with Russian editors and French intelligentsia. While examining their success and setbacks, Livak delineates four distinct periods. Although thoughtfully contextualized, his periodization of the emigres' francophone activity could have been enhanced had it taken into consideration their productivity in Russian. …
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.006 | 0.007 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".