Maternal cognitive functioning in pregnancy and its association with gestation, endocrine factors and fetal sex: A longitudinal study in women from early pregnancy to the postpartum period
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Research addressing the effects of maternal cognitive changes during pregnancy has yielded equivocal findings with both confirmatory and negative results appearing fairly equally in the literature.In an attempt to evaluate and further test this phenomena, 45 women where tracked from early pregnancy until postnatal resumption of menses.An age and education matched control group of 45 non-pregnant women were tested concurrently.At each of the five test sessions participants completed a battery of cognitive tests.Results showed no effect of pregnancy on any of the dependent measures, with pregnant women performing no worse than control women on the nine cognitive tasks administered.One possible explanation for this negative finding (and the research ambiguity in this area) could be linked to the sex of the fetus.When fetal sex was considered, a selective and persistent effect on maternal cognitive function was observed.Those women pregnant with sons consistently outperformed women pregnant with daughters on the tests of working memory.On several other cognitive tests fetal sex was unrelated to maternal performance.This effect was evident from the first test session and persisted until the final session and was unrelated to sleep, mood and demographic measures.This result suggests either a fetal-derived factor that differs in type or concentration between male and female fetuses may influence the mothers' cognition both during pregnancy and into the postnatal phase.Or, alternatively, qualities inherent to the mother may be related to both her propensity to deliver a specific sex and her cognitive profile.Both possible explanations are discussed. DEDICATION Research is Me-searchTo Bianca, whom I find wholly responsible for my inability to remember the definition of "rate limiting factor" on the Neuroscience 500 final exam at UBC, and my lousy grade in the course.You would be delivered at Royal Columbian Hospital just three short weeks later.And to my Alex, who with a degree dedication already under your belt, despite what I may say, I promise I will never give you away in the supermarket checkout line.I love you both with all my heart; you are completely worth every drop of cognitive prowess you robbed from me.For my Mother and Father, thanks for teaching me that opportunity is very often hidden in hard work.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".