Does Mitochondrial Uncoupling Generate More Mitochondria in Muscle?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation (low ATP/O2 or P/O) has been proposed to trigger the signaling pathway governing mitochondrial biogenesis. Here we test whether uncoupling accounts for variation in mitochondrial oxidative capacity (O2max) among muscles. Mitochondrial P/O and O2max were determined in a range of human muscles in vivo using a combination of magnetic resonance and optical spectroscopic tools. O2max was directly proportional to mitochondrial content in the four human muscles studied. These muscles ranged from well‐coupled (P/O =2.7+0.1, n=10, first dorsal interosseous of the hand, FDI) to 50% uncoupled (P/O =1.5+0.3, n=5, soleus) and showed a corresponding 2‐fold range of O2max. Similarly, O2max varied with the degree of uncoupling in hand muscle (FDI) between healthy adults and those uncoupled by pathology. Thus a proportionality is found between the extent of uncoupling and O2max among muscles and for a single muscle differing in coupling due to disease. These data support the hypothesis that uncoupling activates the signaling pathway governing mitochondrial biogenesis and may play an important role in the variation in mitochondrial content among muscles and with disease.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".