Improving Productivity of Managed Potato Cropping Systems in Eastern Canada: Crop Rotation and Nitrogen Source Effects
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Strategies to improve sustainability are important in intensively managed potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) systems. This study has assessed rotation systems and N sources to mitigate potato yield and soil organic matter decline in Prince Edward Island (PEI), Canada. Three‐year potato rotation systems were initiated in 2006: continuous potato (CP); potato–barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) underseeded with red clover ( Trifolium pratense L.)–red clover (PBR); and potato–barley–sorghum sudan grass ([ Sorghum bicolor L.) used as green manure])/winter rape ( Brassica napus subsp. rapifera ) (PBSW); and potato–barley–canola ([ Brassica napus susbsp. napus ] used as green manure)/winter rape (PBCW). Three different N sources (mineral N fertilizer, liquid hog manure, and lobster flake) were applied in a split‐plot fashion during the potato phase. Potatoes were grown in 2006, 2009, 2012, and again in 2013 to evaluate residual effects. In 2012, total N or total C in the whole soil, in particulate organic matter or in the slurry fractions were not affected by N sources or rotation systems. The PBSW and PBCW rotations generated significantly higher potato yields in 2009 and 2013, whereas the CP rotation produced significantly lower potato yields in 2 of 4 yr. The addition of lobster flake suppressed yield compared with other N sources in 3 of 4 yr. The PBR rotation, which is common in PEI can increase nitrate losses over winter. Alternatively, the PBSW and PBCW rotations may represent a good substitute to the PBR rotation as they can increase potato yield while minimizing nitrate losses.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".