Birth order and gender: investigating its effects on agreeableness, Conscientiousness, openness, aspiration and empathy.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This aim of this study is to investigate Adlerian birth order effects and gender on empathy and aspiration as well as certain personality elements; openness, conscientiousness and agreeableness. The study consisted of female (N = 53) male (N = 27) DBS students with a total (N = 80). A quantitative design was used through a questionnaire comprising of three scales, The Aspiration Scale (Schmuck, Kasser, & Ryan (2000), a modified Big Five index (John et al 1991) and The Toronto Empathy questionnaire (Spreng et al 2009). Demographics required age, gender and birth classification. An ANOVA found significant difference between birth groups and openness but not for aspiration, empathy, conscientiousness and agreeableness. Significant Correlations were found between agreeableness and empathy and with openness and aspiration, finally a two-way ANOVA found significant birth category and gender interaction effects with Conscientiousness and empathy, no interaction effects were found for other variables. Author Keywords: Birth order, personality, aspiration, adler, empathy, conscientiousness, openness, agreeableness.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".