Abstract 549: Extracellular Heat Shock Protein 27 Signals Through NF-κB to Favorably Modulate Macrophage Inflammation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Previously we demonstrated that recombinant Heat Shock Protein 27 (rHSP27) reduces atherosclerotic lesion formation when administered to ApoE -/- mice. In addition, administration of rHSP27 to ApoE -/- mice with established atherosclerotic lesions halts lesion progression and is associated with lesion modifications that are consistent with resilience to plaque rupture. However, the mechanism(s) for these therapeutic effects remain elusive. Objective: To determine whether rHSP27 favorably modulates macrophage inflammation by focusing on NF-kB signaling. Methods/Results: Activation of the NF-kB signaling pathway by rHSP27 was observed in peritoneal macrophages from ApoE -/- mice. Treatment with rHSP27 for 30 minutes activated the translocation of the NF-kB p65 subunit from the cytosol to the nucleus as observed by immunolabeling. A dose-dependant increase in rHSP27 mediated NF-kB activation was observed in RAW 264.7 macrophages stably transfected with an NF-kB inducible reporter gene (15 fold; p<0.05). The use of an N-terminal deletion mutant of rHSP27, rC1, at equimolar concentrations did not induce NF-kB activation, demonstrating specificity of the full-length protein. In addition, NF-kB inhibitors (BAY 11-7082 and MG-132) attenuated the induction of the NF-kB reporter gene by rHSP27, thereby implicating the involvement of IkBa phosphorylation and degradation by the proteasome. A consequence of rHSP27 signaling in macrophages was the up-regulation of the transcript for the haematopoietic growth factor/regulator, GM-CSF (300 fold; p<0.05) and subsequently its secretion (400 fold, p<0.05). In the presence of BAY, GM-CSF expression was inhibited suggesting the involvement of NF-kB. Conclusions: rHSP27 promotes the nuclear translocation and activation of NF-kB in macrophages which results in the up-regulation of GM-CSF, a haematopoietic growth factor/regulator that may be responsible for the observed therapeutic effects of rHSP27 in vivo. Current studies are testing rHSP27 therapy in ApoE -/- mice deficient in GM-CSF in order to evaluate the importance of macrophage modulation for the beneficial affects of rHSP27 in atherogenesis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".