NK cells and NK receptors (PP-007)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Nuclear factor interleukin-3 (Nfil3; also known as E4-binding protein 4, E4bp4) is a basic region leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor that has anti-apoptotic activity in vitro under conditions of growth factor withdrawal. To study the role of Nfil3 in vivo, we generated gene-targeted Nfil3-deficient (Nfil3−/−) mice. Nfil3−/− mice were born at normal Mendelian frequency and were grossly normal and fertile. Although numbers of T cells, B cells and NK-T cells were normal in Nfil3−/− mice, a specific disruption in natural killer (NK) cell development resulted in severely reduced numbers of mature NK cells in the periphery. This defect was NK cell-intrinsic in nature, leading to a failure to reject MHC class I-deficient cells in vivo and reductions in both interferon-γ (IFNγ) production and cytolytic activity in vitro. Our report confirms the specific and essential requirement of Nfil3 for the development of cells of the NK lineage. Lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells are essential for secondary lymphoid tissue development and recently identified human LTi cells are closely related to natural killer (NK) cells. Recently, we have reported that IL-22-producing CD3−CD117+CD56−CD127+OX40L+ cells found in adult secondary lymphoid tissues are human LTi-like cells and express CD122 (IL-2/IL-15 beta chain) and CD132 (common cytokine receptor gamma chain). In this study, we investigate whether human CD3−CD117+CD56− LTi-like cells isolated from tonsils respond to IL-15 which is an NK cell growth factor. In the presence of IL-15, CD3−CD117+CD56− LTi-like cells proliferate and downregulate surface expression of OX40L which is important for survival of CD4 memory T cells, and mRNA expression of IL-22, lymphotoxin-α, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor, but not Id2. Collectively, these data suggest that CD3−CD117+CD56− LTi-like cells respond to IL-15 although their response is less strong than CD3−CD117+CD56+ NK cells.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.005 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".