Bibliographic record
Abstract
HARRIET TUBMAN: FREEDOM LEADER, FREEDOM SEEKER Rosemary Sadlier Toronto: Dundurn, 2012 In Harriet Tubman: Freedom Leader, Freedom Seeker, Rosemary Sadlier paints a portrait of an escaped slave who became a leader of the Underground Railroad, the network of abolitionists who ferried runaway slaves from the United States to Canada. While much has been written about Tubman as a heroine of American history, Sadlier's contribution is her successful attempt to place Tubman within the context of Canadian women's Harriet Tubman ran away from slavery in Maryland to Pennsylvania in 1849 and arrived in Canada in 1850. In her lifetime, Tubman made approximately nineteen illicit trips across the border and rescued over 300 enslaved African Americans. Demographics, Sadlier maintains, was a key factor in Tubman's decision to bring enslaved runaways all the way to Canadian cities as opposed to staying in the American North. She writes, St. Catharines was a significant centre for the reception of black people on the Underground Railroad, with an African-Canadian population of over 1,000 out of a total population of about 7,000. Sadlier uses oral family histories, interviewing descendants of Tubman in the U.S. and Canada, to supplement archival documents charting the different routes taken by Tubman in her underground journeys. Sadlier emphasizes the barriers that Tubman overcame not only as a slave but also as a woman. She states, Running away was not the sort of thing that black women usually did to resist slavery. It tended to be a man's form of resistance. Because of the stake that women had in the care of their children, or because they were working so closely supervised in the master's house, the absence of enslaved women would be noticed quickly. Yet even with such disadvantages, Tubman managed to liberate herself and many others. Sadlier highlights little-known aspects of Tubman's life, including her service in the Union army as a nurse, a spy, and a scout. During the Civil War, Tubman led a raid on the Combahee River that freed over 750 enslaved African Americans. According to Sadlier, made Harriet Tubman the first woman to lead a military assault in American history. This biography falters, however, in its vague claims about slavery in general. For instance, Sadlier argues, Due to the way that enslaved African women were forcibly taken, the children the women bore could not just be their child, but could also be their sibling, their grandchild, or their cousin. …
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".