Habitat modelling of key copepod species in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean based on the Atlantic Zone Monitoring Program
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Fourteen years of data collected by the Atlantic Zone Monitoring Program served to model the habitat of four dominant copepod species (Calanus glacialis, Calanus hyperboreus, Calanus finmarchicus, Paracalanus sp.) on the continental shelf and slope waters in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean. Generalized additive mixed models (GAMMs) were applied to abundance and presence–absence data for C. hyperboreus, C. glacialis and Paracalanus sp. and abundance for C. finmarchicus, to describe the optimal environmental productivity envelopes associated with the occurrence and/or the net productivity of these species. The models for Calanus species considered two main phases of their life cycle: (i) an active population growth phase dominated by early stages that occur primarily in surface layers, and (ii) a dormant phase dominated by overwintering stages generally found in deeper layers. GAMMs identified a marked contrast in environmental envelopes occupied by arctic and temperate species. Our analyses underline the importance of using data representative of all the copepodid developmental stages and occupied habitats in order to accurately model the distribution of Calanus species. The value of our models as tools to understand past events in the Northwest Atlantic or to predict future distributions of the species is also discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".