The Rediscovery of Ledum groenlandicum Oeder (Ericaceae) in New Jersey
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ledum groenlandicum, Labrador tea, is an ericaceous evergreen shrub of acidic, wet areas common to northern regions of America. The range has historically been reported as far south as northern New Jersey (Britton and Brown 1897; Gleason and Cronquist 1991). Reports and herbarium vouchers intimated that this species was restricted to Morris and Sussex Counties. However, the latest New Jersey Natural Heritage ranking for L. groenlandicum in Morris County is SX. -species that have been determined or are presumed to be extirpated, documented from a single location (NJ Natural Heritage Program 1999). Hough (1983) stated verified Morris County site 1977, recently reported destroyed. The Morris County's occurrences are well documented for the single location between Dover and Mount Hope. This area was a larch swamp discovered by Mr. M. E. Palmer, a Budd Lake resident who with Kenneth Mackenzie visited and first collected specimens from this site in 1918, the earliest record: Mackenzie 8390, (CHRB, NY). This area was given the appellation of Palmer's Bog by Mackenzie (1918) in his follow-up article. Other vouchers were gathered from approximately the same site: 1932, J. L. Edwards 774, (CU); 0.75 miles SSW of Mt. Hope, 1948, J. L. Edwards s.n., (CHRB); North of Mt. Pleasant Avenue between Mt. Hope and Dover, 1958, Frank Hirst 43, (PH). No vouchers were found for Morris County at BKL, GH, NYS, SIM, or YU (herbaria abbreviations based on Holmgren, et al., 1990). Unfortunately, this Morris County location experienced vast disturbance, including housing, construction of Interstate 80, and shopping malls that obliterated all trace of the larch swamp and
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".