Formation of Martensite/Austenite (M/A) in X80 Linepipe Steel
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Linepipe steels are usually microalloyed with Nb to promote the formation of complex microstructures that lead to the required mechanical properties. In particular, Nb in solution affects significantly the austenite decomposition kinetics and the resulting microstructure. A systematic study has been carried out to quantify the influence of Nb on the austenite decomposition kinetics in X80 linepipe steel. Continuous cooling transformation tests were conducted with a Gleeble 3500. The transformation products include ferrite, granular and upper bainite and M/A (martensite/ retained austenite) constituents. For this study optical microscopy was used to investigate the formation of M/A constituents that critically determine the fracture toughness. A relation between M/A and the surrounding microstructure is observed. In combination with an existent model for the prediction of the microstructure evolution during weld thermal cycles, the area fraction, size and morphology of M/A can be predicted for the simulated HAZ, based on the prior austenite grain size, cooling rate and amount of Nb in solution.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".