Phylogenetic analysis of fungal aquaporins provides insight into their possible role in water transport of mycorrhizal associations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In mycorrhizal associations, water transport properties of the fungal hyphae may have a profound effect on water transport of the host plant. The importance of aquaporins, water-transporting members of the major intrinsic protein (MIP) family, in facilitating water transport has been widely acknowledged and extensively studied in plants. However, until recently, relatively little was known about the structure, function, and regulation of fungal MIPs. The rapid increase in the number of sequenced fungal genomes, including Laccaria bicolor and other mycorrhizal fungi, has enabled functional and comparative genomic investigations to delineate the role that fungal MIPs play in mycorrhizal-facilitated plant water transport. Phylogenic analysis of 229 fungal MIPs from 88 species revealed that MIPs of mycorrhizal fungal species fall into four clusters delineated by functionally characterized fungal MIPs: the orthodox aquaporins, the aquaglyceroporins, the facultative fungal aquaporins, and the X intrinsic proteins. This comparative genomics analysis, together with in silico structural characterization of predicted MIPs and recently published functional characterization of MIPs from a small number of ectomycorrhizal and arbuscular mycorrhizal species, provide new insight into MIP gene families of mycorrhizal fungi and possible roles for fungal aquaporins in water relations of mycorrhizal plant–fungus symbioses.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".