Isolated Axillary Artery Injury due to Blunt Trauma in Ice Hockey
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report the first case of a purely isolated axillary artery dissection because of focal blunt trauma to the axilla. A 42-year-old man presented to our outpatient orthopedic clinic 7 days after a fall during a hockey game whereby another player's skate blade struck the patient directly in the axilla without disrupting the skin. The patient denied having any symptoms of shoulder dislocation but experienced some pain and numbness, which subsided rapidly. Then he developed a cool hand with exertional claudication. Physical examination revealed absent radial and brachial pulses. Computed tomographic angiography demonstrated dissection of the distal axillary artery extending to the middle two-thirds of the brachial artery. Following urgent consultation with vascular surgery, the patient was treated operatively with reverse saphenous interpositional grafting and embolectomy. This case illustrates the need to have a heightened index of suspicion to all injuries to the axilla and the importance of performing careful soft tissue and neurovascular examinations in hockey players presenting with shoulder complaints, even when bony injury is not present.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".