Turbulent Flow Effects on DDT Run-up Distance for a Pulse Detonation Engine
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Experiments were performed to investigate the effect of increased flow rate and turbulence on the deflagration-to-detonation transition (DDT) run-up distance of a propane/oxygen/nitrogen gas mixture within a smooth bore tube. The mixture was introduced through the intake valves of an automobile cylinder head into the tube and varied from 588 l/min to 3800 l/min. Turbulence was introduced into the flowing mixture by the motion of the intake valves, which generated vortex shedding and swirling. The results indicated that the DDT run-up distance was decreased considerably, by as much as 6 times that of quiescent flow, as the flow Reynolds number was increased. Results from gas mixture for various β-values of 0.0, 0.46 and 0.64 showed similar trends for the reduction of DDT run-up distance with increased Reynolds number. A minimum value of DDT distance for a unique value of Reynolds number was also observed. Increasing the cyclic operation of the valves from 5Hz to 20Hz for a given flow Reynolds number also resulted in a decrease of DDT run-up distance for each of the flow rates tested, further implying that increased turbulence decreased the DDT run-up distance.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it