Effect of Treadmill Walking on Oxidative Stress in Persons With Spinal Cord Injury and Able‐Bodied Individuals
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Z. Chen, No Disclosures: I Have Nothing To Disclose. People with spinal cord injury (SCI) have increased risk of cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, and osteoporosis. Over-production of free radicals or reduced detoxification by antioxidant defense systems could be associated with these increased risks. There is increasing evidence indicating that exercise, especially when performed strenuously, is associated with oxidative stress in able-bodied (AB) subjects. However, there is little understanding of how oxidative stress may contribute to rehabilitation outcomes in SCI. Thus the aim of this study is to compare the oxidative stress response between persons with SCI and AB before and after treadmill walking. Case-control study. Treadmill exercise. Data were collected from individuals with SCI (N=20) and age- and gender-matched AB subjects (N= 20). All subjects performed 30 minutes of body weight supported treadmill walking exercise with the Lokomat. Venous blood was taken immediately before and after exercise. Blood samples were analyzed for level of oxidative stress through malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), while anti-oxidant enzyme activity was represented by superoxidase dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). There were significant differences in baseline of GPx between SCI and AB subjects (SCI M =314.63 SD=36.73; AB M=487.57, SD=58.78; p < .05). For MDA, the SCI subjects showed significantly higher changes compared to the AB subjects after a single treadmill walking session (SCI M =47.48%, SD=23.00%; AB M=7.00%, SD=6.00%; p < .05). Also, people with SCI tended to be lower in SOD levels and higher in H2O2 levels than that of AB both at baseline and post-exercise. Individuals with an SCI not only have lower anti-oxidative capacity at baseline, but also they have more oxidative stress after a single treadmill exercise. These results could have implications for the prescription of rehabilitation and exercise intensity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".