Methane Separation from Coal Mine Methane Gas by Tetra-<i>n</i>-butyl Ammonium Bromide Semiclathrate Hydrate Formation
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This work presents new data to further develop the hydrate-based process for the separation of CH 4 from the low-concentration coal mine methane gas (30 mol % CH 4 /N 2 ) through the formation of tetra- n -butyl ammonium bromide (TBAB) semiclathrate hydrate. The TBAB semiclathrate hydrate formed from the 30 mol % CH 4 /N 2 gas mixture has more favorable equilibrium conditions than the gas hydrate formed from the same gas mixture. The incipient equilibrium conditions at 0.17, 0.29, and 0.62 mol % TBAB were experimentally determined and reported. The experiments of forming TBAB semiclathrate hydrate from the 30 mol % CH 4 /N 2 gas mixture were performed in both semibatch and batch operation under a fixed driving force of 3.5 MPa. The results indicate that CH 4 is preferentially encaged into the TBAB hydrate. The use of a 0.29 mol % TBAB solution is preferred over the 0.17 and 0.62 mol % TBAB solutions. The semibatch operation is more effective than the batch operation for the separation of CH 4 from the 30 mol % CH 4 /N 2 gas mixture. The CH 4 recovery was found to be approximately 25% at 0.29 mol % TBAB concentration in the semibatch operation and the corresponding CH 4 concentration released from the TBAB hydrate was nearly 43 mol %. A CH 4 -rich stream (70 mol % CH 4 /N 2 ) was obtained after two stages of TBAB semiclathrate hydrate formation.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it