Optical coherent current control at surfaces: Theory of injection current
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We present a study of optical coherent control of injection currents at surfaces of cubic semiconductors, predicting that this new optical effect will serve as a surface-sensitive probe of fundamentally and technologically important crystals with both bulk inversion symmetry (such as cubic diamond $\overline{6}m2$ or $\overline{6}$) and noncentrosymmetric systems (such as zinc-blende symmetry $\overline{4}\overline{3}m$). In crystals with any of these symmetries, this effect vanishes in the bulk, but it is allowed in surface regions due to the breaking of the bulk symmetry there. We present the results of ab initio calculations for injected currents at prototypical clean and Sb-covered GaAs(110)($1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1$) and clean Si(111)($2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1$) surfaces, which have well-understood and experimentally reproducible reconstructions. The effects are shown to be essentially sensitive to surface structure, and the injected currents can be interpreted in terms of the surface electronic structure. Calculated magnitudes indicate that the currents should be easily observable, and the calculated spectra of all of the surfaces demonstrate interesting behavior as a function of the energy of the incident light. Finally, layer-by-layer analysis provide detailed access to the surface properties through explicit separation of the contributions coming from different layers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".