G146 A systematic review of mental health outcomes in young people following sexual assault
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aims Sexual assault peaks in mid-to late adolescence but its sequelae among this age group are not well understood. This systematic review aimed to describe mental health outcomes in young people following sexual assault. Methods Two reviewers searched Medline, Embase, CINAHL, OpenGrey and PsycINFO databases independently, screening publications from 1990 to 30th October 2013. Inclusion criteria: longitudinal studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses in English with ≥50% participants aged 10–24 years; baseline mental health assessment conducted prior to or <8 weeks post-assault with follow-up ≥3 months later, and within three years of index assault. Study selection, data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently, with any differences resolved by a third person. Quality assessment used the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results 3,758 titles and abstracts were screened after excluding duplicates, with 494 papers examined in full. Five cohort studies met inclusion criteria (sample size 64–294; mean age 13–26 years; duration of follow-up 3–12 months post-assault). Three studies examined rates of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), reporting rates of 88%–94% within a month of assault, 47%–71% by 3 months and 10.5%–65% by 12 months post-assault. Only one study measured rates of Depressive Disorder, reporting rates of 35% 6 months post-assault. A study assessing anxiety disorders 6 months post-assault found that 11% had Generalised Anxiety, 16%, Panic Disorder, 44%, Social Phobia, 41%, Specific Phobia and 56%, Agoraphobia. Longitudinal studies evaluating post-traumatic (n = 3), depressive (n = 2) or anxiety symptom scores (n = 1) all reported reduced symptoms over 6–12 months post-assault. Limitations Small sample sizes, and heterogeneity of study populations, measures used and follow-up schedules. Conclusion Psychopathology is common following sexual assault in young people. Most studies reviewed observed reduced rates of mental health disorders and reduced symptom scores over time but there is a paucity of longitudinal research in this area. Large scale, good quality studies are needed to characterise the nature and course of mental health difficulties experienced by adolescent sexual assault victims over time, in order to allow for better targeting of resources for these individuals.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.012 | 0.056 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.010 | 0.011 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.012 | 0.013 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".