Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents recent progress in an investigation of the aeromechanical aspects of unsteady flapping wings for nano-air vehicles (NAV). Numerical results obtained using the in-house code INSflow for insect-sized airfoils and wings are discussed. The calculations revealed that, at hover conditions, the vortices formed during the airfoil plunging motion may remain in the near region and affect the new vortex formation and thus the integral aerodynamic performance. In addition, the flow around the insect-like wing is fully threedimensional. The tip flow affects the flow separations and is shown to reduce the separation intensity. Nomenclature b = length of the wing span c = chord length f = frequency of the flapping motion H = plunging amplitude (peak value) of the point about which the airfoil pitches H = normalized plunging amplitude, / H Hc = c k = reduced frequency, / c kf c U π ∞ = Re = Reynolds number based on airfoil chord, Re /( / ) ref Uc μρ = t = time ref U
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".