Oxidative Addition of Ethyl Iodide to a Dimethylplatinum(II) Complex: Unusually Large Kinetic Isotope Effects and Their Transition-State Implications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The mechanism of oxidative addition of ethyl iodide to [PtMe 2 (2,2′-bipyridine)], 1, has been investigated by product analysis and by study of secondary deuterium kinetic isotope effects (KIEs), using the reagents C 2 H 5 I, C 2 D 5 I, CH 3 CD 2 I, and CD 3 CH 2 I. The reactions in acetone and benzene give [PtIMe 2 Et(bipy)], mostly as the product of trans oxidative addition, but with some of the isomeric product of cis oxidative addition and some [PtIMe 3 (bipy)], resulting from methyl group transfer. The reaction in benzene is light-sensitive, giving additional major products [PtI 2 Me 2 (bipy)] and [PtIMe 2 (OOEt)(bipy)], as well as several minor products indicative of a photochemically initiated free-radical reaction. No H/D exchange within the ethyl group was observed in any of the products. The dark reactions in acetone and benzene follow second-order kinetics, with large negative values of the entropy of activation, indicating the S N 2 mechanism of oxidative addition of ethyl iodide to 1 . However, for reaction with C 2 H 5 I vs C 2 D 5 I, values of the KIE k H / k D range from 1.32 to 1.72 in acetone and from 1.44 to 1.90 in benzene solution, and studies with CH 3 CD 2 I and CD 3 CH 2 I show that α- and β-deuterium KIEs make about equal contributions to the overall KIE. These are the first reports of isotope effects on the rate of oxidative addition reactions of ethyl halides, and the high values of the secondary deuterium KIE were unexpected for the S N 2 mechanism. Possible reasons for these observations are discussed.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".