Bibliographic record
Abstract
The SPRN gene encodes the Shadoo glycoprotein (Sho), a central nervous system-expressed member of the prion protein superfamily. Sho has similarity to two features within PrPC's natively unstructured N-terminus, a hydrophobic domain and tandem repeats with positively charged residues. Indeed, scrutiny of Sho's biochemical properties in uninfected cells has revealed overlaps with the properties of PrPC, these including shared protein binding partners. SPRN is conserved in mammals, as is the prion gene PRNP, but in sheep SPRN and PRNP are both marked by polymorphic variation, suggestive of a shared selection pressure within these scrapie disease-prone livestock animals. In rodent models of prion disease there are reduced levels of Sho in infected tissues, defining a form of cross-regulation between full-length Sho holoprotein and PrPSc. In human prion disease an SPRN signal peptide polymorphism is associated with risk for sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD), while two patients with early-onset variant CJD carried putatively inactive SPRN alleles. Further investigation of Sho as a novel tracer or modifier for the accumulation of pathologic forms of PrP may prove advantageous.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".