Bacterial Inhibition of Methane Clathrate Hydrates Formed in a Stirred Autoclave
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The potential for hydrate inhibition in a stirred autoclave at a subcooling of 2.3 K has been tested on two bacterial isolates. Chryseobacterium sp. C14 survives multiple freeze–thaw events and inhibits ice recrystallization, and Escherichia coli has neither of these properties but is a biofilm producer. Both strains showed methane hydrate inhibition, with a significant reduction in total hydrate formed. Chryseobacterium delayed hydrate nucleating time, to a similar level found for the commercial kinetic inhibitor, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP; 0.2 wt %). However, in the presence of E. coli, in comparison to PVP, the time to nucleation was almost tripled and the hydrate growth rate was reduced by half. Because of the variation inherent with the microbial samples, likely a result of the complexities associated with varying cell numbers and metabolic activity, numerous experiments were required. Analysis of the distinct hydrate growth profiles shown by the two bacterial strains indicated that different molecular sources were likely responsible for the observed inhibition. As a working hypothesis, it is suggested that the inhibition observed by Chryseobacterium cultures was partially due to ice recrystallization inhibition properties, while that of E. coli may be due to secreted macromolecules and the effect of biofilm.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".