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Record W2320901532 · doi:10.1155/2005/516195

Management of Ingested Foreign Bodies

2005· review· en· W2320901532 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.
venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.

Bibliographic record

VenueCanadian Journal of Gastroenterology · 2005
Typereview
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicForeign Body Medical Cases
Canadian institutionsPacific Institute for the Mathematical Sciences
Fundersnot available
KeywordsForeign BodiesMedicineSurgery

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The majority of foreign bodies are ingested. Up to 90% of these will pass through the gastrointestinal tract spontaneously, 10% to 20% require endoscopic management and approximately 1% require surgical management (1). The pediatric population is most at risk, accounting for 80% of ingested foreign bodies. Adults, especially the mentally impaired, alcoholic and edentulous, may also accidentally ingest a foreign body. Prisoners and psychiatric patients may ingest foreign bodies intentionally for secondary gain, for instance, to instigate transfer to hospital from a prison or psychiatric institution. Purposeful ingestion of foreign bodies for the purpose of drug trafficking also occurs. Ingestion of multiple foreign bodies should always be considered in both children and adults. Among children and mentally impaired adults, commonly ingested objects include coins, small toys, crayons and batteries. In adults, the most common foreign body ingested is a poorly chewed bolus of meat, a bone or dentures. Intentional ingestion of a foreign body by a prisoner or psychiatric patient is often a razor blade or other sharp metallic object. The diagnosis is apparent from the patient’s history. The patient will often report a sudden onset of dysphagia during a meal, which may be accompanied by chest pain or odynophagia and an inability to tolerate secretions. In children or adults unable to provide a history, a sudden refusal to eat, drooling or respiratory symptoms such as coughing or wheezing due to aspiration are reasons to suspect foreign body ingestion. A careful physical examination should be performed to

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Review · Consensus signal: Review
Teacher disagreement score0.946
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0030.001
Bibliometrics0.0010.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.047
GPT teacher head0.315
Teacher spread0.268 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it