Gas-Phase Structures of Pb<sup>2+</sup>-Cationized Phenylalanine and Glutamic Acid Determined by Infrared Multiple Photon Dissociation Spectroscopy and Computational Chemistry
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy in the 3200-3800 cm(-1) region was used to determine the gas-phase structures of bare and monohydrated [Pb(Phe-H)](+) and [Pb(Glu-H)](+). These experiments were supported by infrared spectra calculated at the B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) level of theory as well as 298 K enthalpies and Gibbs energies determined using the MP2(full)/6-311++G(2d,2p)//B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) method. The gas-phase structure of [Pb(Phe-H)](+) has Pb(2+) bound in a tridentate fashion between Phe's amine nitrogen, one oxygen of the deprotonated carboxyl group, and the aromatic ring. The IRMPD spectrum of [Pb(Glu-H)](+) can be assigned to a structure where the side chain carboxyl group is deprotonated. The structure of [Pb(Phe-H)H(2)O](+) is simply the hydrated analogue of [Pb(Phe-H)](+) where water attaches to Pb(2+) in the same hemisphere as the ligated amino acid. The spectrum of [Pb(Glu-H)H(2)O](+) could not be assigned a unique structure. The IRMPD spectrum shows features attributed to symmetric and antisymmetric O-H stretching of water and a broad band characteristic of a hydrogen bonded O-H stretching vibration. These features can only be explained by the presence of at least two isomers and agree with the computational results that predict the four lowest energy structures to be within 6 kJ mol(-1) of one another.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".