Social Impacts of Lifeline Losses: Modeling Displaced Populations and Health Care Functionality
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper discusses new approaches for modeling the social impacts of lifeline losses in disasters. It focuses on two types of impacts: displaced persons (and associated demand for public shelter), and reduction in functionality of health care facilities such as hospitals. The models are applied to Los Angeles. The shelter model simulates households' decision-making and considers socio-economic and locational factors in addition to housing damage and lifeline loss. It performs well in simulating the Northridge earthquake. In a M6.8 Verdugo Fault scenario, with much higher building damage and lifeline outage durations, as many as 212,000 households are estimated to seek public shelter. Accounting for lifelines substantially raises estimates compared to considering building damage alone. The health care model draws on empirical data to model the operational performance of a hospital's interacting systems (structural, nonstructural, lifeline, and personnel) in an earthquake. Results for Verdugo indicate that nearly half of L.A. county hospitals have at least a 50% chance of experiencing significant loss of functionality. The contribution of regional lifeline disruption to this loss is fairly small.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it