Unilateral Hypoglossal Nerve Palsy Following the Use of the Laryngeal Mask Airway
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Hypoglossal nerve injury is a rare complication of anesthetic airway management. We report a case of unilateral hypoglossal nerve injury following the use of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA). A 48-year-old man with no past medical history sustained a proximal humerus fracture. His pre-operative examination was normal except for a humerus fracture. Anesthesia was induced and a size-3 LMA was inserted successfully on first attempt without difficulty. The cuff was inflated with the recommended 20 ml of air until there was no leak and maintained at a pressure of 10-15 cm H20. The surgery was uneventful and the duration of anesthesia was two hours. Peri-operatively the patient was hemodynamically stable without episodes of hypotension. The recovery staff noted approximately three hours after the surgery that his tongue was deviated to the left. The patient complained of difficulty swallowing and slurred speech. He had normal sensation of his tongue, taste was unchanged, and the gag reflex was intact. No other cranial nerves were involved and no other neurological deficiency was found. The following day, there was significantly less dysarthria and slight improvement in tongue movement. Conservative management included speech therapy and regular assessment. He continued to improve and complete recovery took place within two weeks.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.006 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".