<b>Spinal cord injury pain syndrome in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy </b>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is a disease showing various symptoms such as numbness of upper and lower extremities, disturbed fine motor skills, and gait disturbance due to spinal cord compression. CSM causes high degree of ADL (activities of daily living) disturbance due to these symptoms. Some patients show allodynia or hyperalgesia in upper and lower extremities. However, neuropathic pain in patients with CSM has not been paid attention as much as pain following spinal cord injury. The purpose of the current study was to determine the incidence of severe allodynia or hyperalgesia in upper and lower extremities in patients with CSM, and to clarify the characteristics of these patients. This study was approved by our IRB. A questionnaire was sent to 317 patients with CSM who were surgically treated in our hospital during the past 20 years. Data from 139 cases were available for analysis. Subjects were divided into two groups: Severe Pain group (NRS (numerical rating scale) of allodynia or hyperalgesia in upper and lower extremities was 5 and more than 5) and Light Pain group (NRS was less than 5). Age, gender, QOL (EQ-5D and SF-36), JOACMEQ (myelopathy evaluation questionnaire), McGill Pain Score, and the Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory were compared between these two groups. Non-parametric tests were used for statistical analysis. There were 57 cases (41%) in the Severe Pain group and 82 cases (59%) in the Light Pain group. There were no differences in age and gender between two groups. However, the EQ-5D was 0.560 ± 0.152 in the Severe Pain group and 0.698 ± 0.179 in the Light Pain group (p<0.001). On the SF-36, all 8 items showed lower scores in the Severe Pain group compared to the Light Pain group (p<0.005〜0.001). On the JOACMEQ, all 5 items showed worse scores in the Severe Pain group compared to the Light Pain group (p<0.05〜0.001). The McGill Pain Score was 8.10 ± 7.79 in the Severe Pain group and 2.47 ± 5.23 in the Light Pain group (p<0.001). The total score of the Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory was 22.92 ± 23.72 in the Severe Pain group and 8.03 ± 14.10 in the Light Pain group (p<0.001). There were 41% of patients showing severe allodynia or hyperalgesia in upper and lower extremities in CSM. These patients showed lower QOL and severe myelopathy. We should pay attention to allodynia or hyperalgesia in upper and lower extremities in patients with CSM.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".