Teneurins, TCAP, and latrophilins: roles in the etiology of mood disorders
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Mood disorders, including anxiety and depression, are thought to be characterized by disrupted neuronal synapses and altered brain plasticity. The etiology is complex, involving numerous regions of the brain, comprising a multitude of neurotransmitter and neuromodulator systems. Recently, new studies on the teneurins, an evolutionary ancient family of type II transmembrane proteins have been shown to interact with latrophilins (LPHN), a similarly phylogenetically old family of adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) forming a transsynaptic adhesion and ligand-receptor pair. Each of the four teneurin proteins contains bioactive sequences termed the teneurin C-terminal associated peptides (TCAP-1-4), which possess a number of neuromodulatory effects. The primary structures of the TCAP are most closely similar to the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family of peptides. CRF has been implicated in a number of diverse mood disorders. Via an association with dystroglycans, synthetic TCAP-1 administration to both embryonic and primary hippocampal cultures induces long-term changes in neuronal structure, specifically increased neurite outgrowth, dendritic branching, and axon growth. Rodent models treated with TCAP-1 show reduced anxiety responses in the elevated plus-maze, openfield test, and acoustic startle test and inhibited CRF-mediated cocaine-seeking behaviour. Thus the teneurin/TCAP-latrophilin interaction may play a major role in the origin, development and treatment of mood disorders.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".