Radiographic Hip Involvement in Ankylosing Spondylitis: Factors Associated with Severe Hip Diseases
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the factors associated with severe radiographic hip involvement in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). METHODS: A cross-sectional retrospective study was performed. The patients were classified into 3 groups based on the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Radiology Hip Index (BASRI-hip): minimal hip disease, moderate hip disease, and severe hip disease. Demographic, clinical, radiographic, and laboratory data were collected and analyzed. To identify factors associated with severe hip disease, ordinal regression analyses were performed. RESULTS: A total of 256 patients were involved in the study. There were differences in the age at onset, delay in diagnosis, bilateral hip involvement, sacroiliitis, Schober's index, and occiput-to-wall distance among the 3 groups (p < 0.05). The patients with severe hip disease had lower C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate levels than did the minimal group (p < 0.05). The functional status based on the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index and the Harris Hip Score showed significant differences (p < 0.05). The results of the ordinal regression analyses showed that bilateral hip involvement, sacroiliitis, delay in diagnosis, age at onset, and spinal involvement were associated with a higher BASRI-hip (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Bilateral hip involvement, severe sacroiliitis, longer delay in diagnosis, early disease onset, and spinal involvement are associated with severe hip disease in patients with AS. The severity of hip involvement is associated with the functional status in AS.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".