Influence of the Hydroxyl Position in Racemic Hydroxyoctadecanoic Acids on the Crystallization Kinetics and Activation Energies of Gels and Dispersions in Mineral Oil
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Minor changes in molecular structure affect the ability of racemic hydroxyoctadecanoic acids ( n HSA, where n is the position of the hydroxyl group) to form molecular gels in a low polarity liquid, mineral oil, and influence their supramolecular structures. The activation energy and energy released during crystallization of 2HSA and 3HSA from solutions or sols are significantly lower than those of 6HSA, 8HSA, 10HSA, 12HSA, and 14HSA. The lower activation energies are associated with the ease of molecules of 2HSA or 3HSA to add to a face of a growing crystal lattice or the ease in which the critical nuclei are reached; the change in the activation energies appears to be related, in part, to the critical size of the crystallites, which, in turn, depends on the energy associated with the creation of the new phase and the interfacial free energy of the nucleated species with the liquid component. When the polar groups are close in proximity, the crystal packing arrangements are able to sequester these groups away from an interface and reduce the contact with the low polarity solvent. As well, the energies released upon the formation of the new phases with 2HSA and 3HSA are less than those for the other n HSA isomers studied here because the former are unable to form strong carboxylic acid dimers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".