Rosiglitazone and Ethinyl Estradiol/Cyproterone Acetate as Single and Combined Treatment of Overweight Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Insulin Resistance
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) has been reported in as many as 50% of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and in up to 95% of those who are obese. Today, insulin sensitizers are given to many of these affected women. This study examined the comparative effectiveness of rosiglitazone, a thiazolidinedione, and an oral contraceptive combining ethinyl estradiol (EE) with cyproterone acetate (CPA). Participants were 28 obese women ranging in age from 18 to 45 years who met criteria for PCOS and who still had high insulin levels despite 4 months of dietary treatment. They were randomly assigned to 6 months of treatment with either 4 mg rosiglitazone daily or a combination of 35 μg EE and 2 mg CPA given on 21 days per 28-day cycle. Each group then received both treatments for 6 months longer. Women in both treatment groups had normal blood glucose levels throughout the study. Rosiglitazone decreased insulin levels, indices of IR (homeostasis model assessment, quantitative sensitivity check index, and the area under the curve for insulin in response to an oral glucose tolerance test [OGTT]). Drug effects on lipids, androgens, and hirsutism were limited. Treatment with EE/CPA did not alter insulin levels or the response to an OGTT. It did increase levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides while decreasing androgen levels and hirsutism. Similar findings were obtained when both treatments were given for 6 months. Only EE/CPA significantly lowered hirsutism scores, as shown in Figure 1 in which patients in group A were those randomized to receive rosiglitazone initially and patients in group B began treatment by taking EE/CPA. There were no serious side effects.Fig. 1: Means ±SEM of hirsutism score at baseline, end of single treatment (month 6) and end of combined treatments (month 12). *P < 0.05 month 6 versus month 0; §§P < 0.01 month 12 versus month 6; ¶¶P < 0.01 month 12 versus month 0. From: Lemay et al., Rosiglitazone and Ethinyl Estradiol/Cyproterone Acetate as Single and Combined Treatment of Overweight Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Insulin Resistance. Hum Reprod 2005; Doi: 10.1093/humrep/dei312 © European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. Reproduced by permission of Oxford University Press/Human Reproduction.This approach to obese women with PCOS and insulin resistance might be particularly appropriate for women who request an oral contraceptive.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".